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The search for baryon number violation offers a promising path to uncovering new physics. In this talk, we examine how measurements of different nucleon decay channels can shed light on the underlying theory. We first investigate the chirality structure of baryon-number-violating interactions through lifetime measurements of strangeness-conserving nucleon decay modes. Using an effective field theory framework, we show that the ratio of partial decay widths—specifically, Γ(p→ηℓ+)/Γ(p→π0ℓ+), where ℓ+ denotes a positron or anti-muon—is sensitive to this chirality structure. Moreover, we find that in certain new physics scenarios, decay channels involving both anti-leptons and anti-neutrinos can provide complementary insights into their structures. These results underscore the importance of searching for various decay modes in future nucleon decay experiments. If time permits, we also discuss how the ratios of branching fractions can be useful to determine an unknown unitary matrix in the flipped SU(5) grand unification.