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In this talk, I will discuss the recent paper (arXiv:2511.14857), “511 keV Gamma-Ray Echo from Particle Decays in Supernovae.” The work sets projected constraints on the axion–photon coupling using the 511 keV signal produced in the supernova envelope.
I will first introduce the physical picture, including axion production and decay, positron production, and positronium formation. I will then show how the constraints are derived from the ALP-induced 511 keV signal, along with the treatment of backgrounds.